Property Swap (Permuta) Calculator — Portugal
Calculate IMT and Stamp Duty on a property swap. Pay tax only on the difference in value, not on the full price.
AProperty A (yours)
BProperty B (other party)
Swap Cost Breakdown
Max of declared difference vs. VPT difference
Comparison: Swap vs. Sell + Buy
Swap (Permuta)
1900 €
Sell + Buy Separately
25 411 €
Saving with Swap: 23 511 € (92.5%)
Anti-Abuse Rule
If you resell the property received in the swap within 1 year, the tax authority can recalculate IMT on the full value of the higher property — not just the difference. Plan accordingly.
How It Works
In a property swap (permuta), two parties exchange properties. Under CIMT Art. 12, IMT and Stamp Duty are only due on the difference in value (tornas) — not on the full value of each property.
The party receiving the higher-value property pays IMT and IS on the difference. If the values are equal, no IMT is due.
Tax base: the law uses the higher of the declared difference or the VPT (Valor Patrimonial Tributário) difference. This prevents undervaluation.
Anti-abuse rule: if either property is resold within 1 year of the swap, IMT is recalculated on the full value of the higher property.
FAQ
What is a permuta?
A permuta (property swap) is a legal transaction where two parties exchange ownership of their properties. It avoids the need for two separate sale/purchase transactions and reduces the tax burden significantly.
Who pays IMT in a permuta?
Only the party receiving the higher-value property pays IMT and Stamp Duty — and only on the difference in value (tornas), not on the full property value.
What is the VPT and why does it matter?
The VPT (Valor Patrimonial Tributário) is the fiscal value assigned by the tax authority (AT). The tax base is the maximum of the declared difference and the VPT difference, to prevent undervaluation.
What is the anti-abuse rule?
If either property is resold within 1 year of the swap, the tax authority can recalculate IMT on the full value of the higher property. This rule is designed to prevent tax avoidance through quick resales.